Analysis of retail marketing

Analysis of retail marketing Retailing involves the selling of goods, services or merchandise from a fixed location (like departmental store, boutique), by mail or through the internet, in smaller lots for direct consumption by the customers. Subordinate services like delivery may be included. (Wikipedia) After studying the nature and role of retail and the global environment in which it operates, following is my research in this area: 1) Retail Internationalisation is much more than the opening of stores abroad: Retailing had always been a domestic market activity. However, an increasing number of retailers are no more confining their trading activities to the home-market (Moore and Fernie, International Retail Marketing). Fashion retailers like The Gap, H&M, Zara, Gucci, etc recognised the benefits of crossing boundaries and thus, have sought to exploit international opportunities. Retail internationalisation is an essential ingredient for the global economy. Consumers are increasingly becoming international in their outlook due to business/pleasure travelling, access to internet, television, magazines, etc and are always seeking new experiences and a global appeal while shopping. International retailing satisfies the increasingly complex and demanding needs of global consumers. As retailers are cost-driven, consideration of key activities and procedures is necessary to achieve the tag of an international retailing business that is profitable. Internationalising retailers also gain sustainable competitive advantage. Wal-Mart and Tesco enjoy cost leadership & the benefits of operational efficiency. Brand strength is well known with Starbucks. Zara and H&M achieved fashion leadership whereas category dominance is prominent with IKEA. The motivations for international expansion: According to Williams, 1991, it is important to note those factors that motivate retailers to consider international markets as a strategy for growth. Amongst the various theoretical frameworks, the â€Å"push and pull† factors proposed by Alexander (1997) have emerged as key in interpreting retailer’s motives behind expansion into foreign markets. It focuses on why retailers are ‘pulled’ towards a foreign market and/or why they are ‘pushed’ to move out of their home market. According to Alexander (1997), retail internationalisation was a reaction to the bad internal market conditions, or the desire to further exploit trade competencies and opportunities abroad due to home-market saturation. The 21st century has given rise to an elite group of trans-national grocery retailers (like Wal-Mart, Tesco, Carrefour) for whom internationalisation is a defining element of their corporate philosophy. E.g. Tesco, with 15% turnover from outside the UK & 65,000 overseas staff, declares internationalisation as one of the four defining elements of its corporate strategy. Likewise, rigorous international strategy is being pursued by the Spanish footwear brand Camper, b y recognising their brand appeal, product range and limited sector-competition. (Moore and Fernie, International Retail Marketing) To conclude, retail internationalisation is not just about opening of stores abroad. It also involves: Synchronising cultural diversity Transferring knowledge and experience Sustainability and ethical aspects of retailing Young consumers and global trends Cross-boundary service quality The need to develop & manage stores in new markets The transfer of ‘invisible’ dimensions of retail such as know-how and expertise from one market to another Cost-saving reasons Achieving market differentiation 2) Provide a critique of the various methods of market entry that are available to the international retailer:

European Union Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

European Union Law - Essay Example Christian is a registered Danish citizen. Consequently, Denmark is an EU member country. The logic now sails through that Christian has the right to reside in the UK alongside his family. According to the EU charter Article 21(1) TFEU, every citizen of a country that is member of the EU has the right to move and also reside in any country that is a member of the union; however, the rights are subject to conditions laid down by the treaty.3 This clause states that citizens of member countries are not supposed to be distinguished by services offered by the state. In fact, the state is supposed to treat them as equals with the citizens, with equal employment opportunities, social security and other citizenship privileges. The law extends to the fact that any EU citizen can complain about services offered in the country in which he or she is a resident and a taxpayer. The carter provides for free passage and residence as long as; the person does not pose a public policy risk and is not a strain of public finances. Since he is not dependent and has a level of employable skills, Christian can reside in the UK indefinitely. Minh is a legal wife to Christian. Under EU law, a person married to a citizen of an EU member country gains automatic access to privileges enjoyed by citizens of the EU countries. In this regard, Minh has the legal right to stay in the UK as long as she is Christian wife. The EU recognizes the social setting and importance of incorporating family members who are not citizens of EU member countries. This applies and is limited to the nuclear family which includes parents and children. The only requirement to officiate the union is the presence of a marriage certificate from a recognized source that state the couple is in a familial relationship. Available information show that Minh has tried to apply for employment at a London college. It implies that she legible under UK labor laws to work and reside in the country. Therefore,

Impact of technology on patient care Research Paper - 1

Impact of technology on patient care - Research Paper Example Also, most cooking can be done in a matter of minutes with microwave technology. Our means of transportation has improved over time; cars now run on solar and even electric energy. Likewise, one could not discount the innovation in mobile technology. Now, people could not only call and receive messages from another person at the same time; but also see the person one is conversing with despite expansive geographical distance. Recently, a CNN report about the improvement in Twitter revealed that individuals chat with followers while viewing real time activities and instantly commenting on the account page. As such, advancement in technology has impacted most aspects of life; not leaving behind the area of health and patient care. Among the most noted technological advancement in this field include the application of the electronic health record, telemedicine, wireless communication, sensors and wearable technology, portal technology, mHealth, as well as other advanced medical tools, d rugs, and equipment (Jayanthi, 2014). As a result, the delivery of patient care has been noted to be more efficient as interventions are tailored to the unique health needs of culturally diverse clientele. In this regard, the current discourse hereby aims to present the impact of technology on patient care. The paper would initially provide a review of previous studies made on the subject; specifically how technology relates to patient care, how technological advancement impacted patient care, as well as the areas of patient care impacted.